In this work, the HA/UHMWPE nanocomposites were manufactured using internal mixer with different weight percent of nano-HA (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt.%) and pharmaceutical paraffin oil to overcome the high viscosity of melted UHMWPE. Then, samples were fabricated using compression molding. The biocompatibility behavior of the samples was explored by alizarin red staining (ARS), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and cell adhesion assay using MG-63 osteoblast cells. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs revealed that HA particles were homogeneously dispersed in UHMWPE by the internal mixer and MG-63 cells with normal phenotypic shape adhered on the surface of nanocomposites. Good biocompatibility of osteoblast cells next to the specimens was verified by ARS and ALP production. Our data exhibited that all samples are biocompatible and they have no toxicity. Especially, the sample with 50 wt.% of nano-HA had high bioactivity and it could be considered as an effective nanocomposite for bone tissue engineering applications

Keywords: Nanocomposite, Biocompatibility Properties, Alizarin red, Alkaline phosphatase, Osteoblast Cell

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