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One important evaluation technique for the ceramic is water absorption measurement .Water absorption decreases the beauty of ceramic and it may separate glaze from the biscuit. The amount of porosity in the structure of engobe and biscuit affects water absorption. Holes and capillaries increase probability of water movement to the ceramic tile’s surface. Change of the components of the ceramic engobe by adding some flux is a way to control water absorption. In this paper addition of talc to three kinds of industrial frit used in the tile engobe, including GMO4, dolomite based and calcium based frit, and their effect on water absorption of the ceramic tile has been studied. Raw material including frit and some additives were grinded into a ball mill. After application of the engobe mixture and glaze on the biscuit, it was heated in a ceramic production kiln at 1128 °C for 45 minutes. Water absorption measurement, flexural strength, shrinkage and color measurement were performed on the samples. The results showed that the material composition of the frit changes water absorption and brightness of the surface. After addition of talc, water absorption is decreased in all samples. Flexural strength of the samples is increased while the surface brightness (L^­*) decreases after talc addition. The samples were characterized by electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM micrographs showed that by adding talc, the engobe particles were sintered and stuck together. This phenomenon may prevent water diffusion to the surface.

Keywords: Talc, Frit, Water absorption, Engobe, Dolomite, Ceramic tile.

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